Perianal psoriasis as the first manifestation of the disease

Introduction: Inverse psoriasis affects the skin of flexural areas, such as the groin, axillae, umbilicus, intergluteal fold, and external genitalia. Clinical Case: We herein report the case of a man who presented with anal pruritus and, upon physical examination, a perianal dermatosis was found, which was characterized by erythematous plaques, with fine scaling. The case was initially managed with zinc oxide, and when no improvement was observed, we decided to take an incisional biopsy, which indicated histological changes suggestive of psoriasiform dermatitis. Discussion: Inverse psoriasis affects 3% to 7% of patients with psoriasis, and it manifests with erythematous plaques without the classic scaling appearance. The skin in these areas is susceptible to maceration, irritation, and ulceration, which alter the classic clinical picture. It may present with typical lesions or, less frequently, in isolation in the anogenital region. In the anogenital presentation only, the diagnosis should be made by biopsy, looking for the classic histopathological features of psoriasis. As for the first-line treatment, low- or medium-potency topical steroids are used for short periods of time; the second-line treatment is with emollients and tar-based products; and the third-line treatment uses an immunomodulator. Conclusion: This presentation is infrequent, and it requires a high index of suspicion for the diagnosis, always supported by biopsies, in search of the classic histopathological features of psoriasis. (AU)

Carcinoma sebáceo extraocular / Extraocular sebaceous carcinoma

RESUMEN El carcinoma sebáceo es un tumor anexial raro que presenta un curso clínico agresivo con tendencia a la recurrencia local y metástasis a distancia. En el 75% de los casos se presenta en la región periocular, aunque puede aparecer en cualquier parte del cuerpo donde existan glándulas sebáceas. Presentamos un caso clínico de esta rara patología y su resolución.

ABSTRACT Sebaceous carcinoma is a rare and aggressive neoplasm derived from the adnexal epithelium of the sebaceous glands with a tendency to local recurrence and distant metastasis In 75% of cases the tumor develops in the periocular region but it can appear in any area with sebaceous glands. We report a case of this rare condition and its resolution.

Malignant perineal tumors in dogs: the contribution of computed tomography for staging and surgical planning / Tumores perineais malignos em cães: contribuição da tomografia computadorizada para estadiamento e planejamento cirúrgico

The contribution of computed tomography for staging and surgical planning of malignant perineal tumors in dogs is discussed. Five dogs diagnosed with malignant perineal neoplasms underwent to computed tomography (CT) examination. The CT image enabled investigation of cleavage planes between neoplastic lesions and adjacent structures such as the rectum, anus, vagina, urethra and perineal muscles. Accurate assessment regional lymph nodes and adjacent bone structures was also possible. All tumors evaluated in this region presented heterogeneous appearance in pre and postcontrast CT images, but only the anal sac adenocarcinomas presented lymphadenopathy. Computed tomography proved to be a valuable tool for tumor staging and determination of lesion extension and invasion of adjacent tissues, providing significant contributions to clinical and surgical therapeutic planning.(AU)

A contribuição da tomografia computadorizada para estadiamento e planejamento cirúrgico de tumores perineais malignos em cães é discutida. Cinco cães diagnosticados com neoplasias perineais malignas foram submetidos ao exame de tomografia computadorizada (CT). A imagem por TC permitiu a investigação de planos de clivagem entre as lesões neoplásicas e estruturas adjacentes, como o reto, o ânus, a vagina, a uretra e os músculos perineais. A avaliação precisa dos linfonodos regionais e estruturas ósseas adjacentes também foi possível. Todos os tumores avaliados nesta região apresentaram aspecto heterogêneo nas imagens de TC pré e pós-contraste, mas apenas os adenocarcinomas de saco anal apresentaram linfonodopatia. A tomografia computadorizada mostrou ser uma ferramenta valiosa para o estadiamento da neoplasia, determinação da extensão da lesão e invasão de tecidos adjacentes, proporcionando contribuições significativas para o planejamento terapêutico clínico e cirúrgico.(AU)

Synthetic mesh repair of an anterior perineal hernia following robotic radical urethrocystectomy

ABSTRACT Introduction: Perineal hernia is a protrusion of intra-abdominal viscera through a defect in the pelvic floor and is a rare but challenging complication after extensive abdominoperineal surgery. There have been small series published after colorectal exenteration, but no cases have been reported after radical cystectomy and urethrectomy. Case Presentation: A 68 years old woman developed an anterior perineal hernia, with no vaginal prolapse, after an anterior exenteration for bladder cancer. A perineal approach with the use of a synthetic polypropylene mesh was chosen to resolve the condition. After 6 months of follow-up, the patient has no symptoms or recurrence of the anterior perineal hernia. Conclusion: To our knowledge, this case is the first report of perineal hernia after radical urethrocystectomy. Although being a case report, this article describes a potential and challenging complication after extensive anterior pelvic surgery, that could increase its incidence in the future. Literature review shows that whether perineal, abdominal or combined approach is chosen, surgery must respect hernia repair principles.

Reinforcement of the pelvic diaphragm using a purse-string suture in dogs: description of technique / Reforço do diafragma pélvico por meio de sutura em bolsa de fumo: descrição de técnica

Recurrence of perineal hernias is frequent, and is associated to poor identification of anatomical structures during surgery, inadequate suture placement, and failure of physical support of the pelvic diaphragm after surgical reconstruction. The objective of this work is to describe a novel surgical technique for reinforcement of the pelvic diaphragm after performing the internal obturator transposition technique in dogs with perineal hernia.(AU)

As recidivas das hérnias perineais são frequentes e associadas à falha no isolamento das estruturas anatômicas, inadequada colocação de suturas e falência na sustentação do diafragma pélvico reconstruído cirurgicamente. Objetiva-se descrever uma nova técnica cirúrgica para reforço do diafragma pélvico após a realização da técnica de elevação do músculo obturador interno em cães com hérnia perineal.(AU)

Cisto ósseo aneurismático em tecido mole em um cão - relato de caso / Aneurysmal bone cyst in soft tissue in a dog - Case Report

Este trabalho descreve o diagnóstico e o tratamento instituído para um cão com um raro cisto ósseo aneurismático originado em tecido mole. O paciente foi apresentado para atendimento no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul devido à dificuldade de locomoção, fraqueza nos membros pélvicos e disquesia havia 15 dias. Já estava recebendo tratamento medicamentoso sem sucesso. Ao exame clínico, notou-se aumento de volume sólido na região perineal direita, e foram solicitados exames complementares de imagem. A radiografia da região sugeriu hérnia perineal direita ou neoplasia. O cão foi encaminhado para cirurgia, na qual foi removida uma estrutura tumoral, arredondada, de aspecto ossificado. O exame histopatológico diagnosticou a estrutura como um cisto ósseo aneurismático em tecido mole, e o paciente recuperou-se totalmente após a excisão cirúrgica.(AU)

This paper describes the diagnosis and treatment of a dog with a rare aneurysmal bone cyst in soft tissue. The patient was attended in the Veterinary Clinic Hospital at the Fedral University of Rio Grande do Sul due to limited mobility, weakness in hind limbs, and dyschezia for 15 days. It was already receiving medical treatment without success. Upon clinical examination a solid increase volume in the right perineal region was detected, and complementary imaging tests were requested. Radiography of the region suggested right perineal hernia or neoplasia. The dog was submitted to surgery, and a rounded and ossified tumoral structure was removed. The histopathological exam diagnosed the structure as an aneurysmal bone cyst in soft tissue, and the patient recovered fully after surgical excision.(AU)

Liposarcoma with perineal hernia in dog / Lipossarcoma associado à hérnia perineal em um cão

Liposarcoma is an uncommon malignant tumor originated in the lipoblasts that usually does not produce metastases, but is locally invasive. The final diagnosis is made by histopathology and wide surgical excision is the treatment. A four years old male Pinscher, weighing 2.8 kg, which was previously submitted to seven therapeutic procedures for hepatoid adenoma, was brought to us. On clinical examination a large, soft consistency and painless tumor on lumbodorsal area, besides perineal hernia, was observed. The CT scan revealed an image of an extensive paravertebral intramuscular tumor, embracing retroperitoneal, pelvic canal and ad-anal region. After surgical resection, the material was sent for histopathological examination which confirmed it was a liposarcoma. Thus, chemotherapy protocol with doxorubicin was established. 12 months after the last application of chemotherapy, the patient shows no signs of tumor recurrence nor metastases.

O lipossarcoma é um tumor maligno incomum, originário dos lipoblastos que geralmente não produz metástases; entretanto, élocalmente invasivo. O diagnóstico definitivo é obtido por exame histopatológico e o tratamento consiste na excisão cirúrgica ampla.Foi atendido um cão, da raça Pinscher, macho, com quatro anos de idade, pesando 2,8kg, que fora submetido anteriormentea sete procedimentos terapêuticos para adenoma hepatoide. Ao exame clínico o paciente apresentava uma grande tumoraçãona região dorsolombar, de consistência amolecida e indolor, além de hérnia perineal. O exame de tomografia computadorizadarevelou imagem de uma massa intramuscular paravertebral extensa, invadindo retroperitônio, canal pélvico e região ad-anal. Apósressecção cirúrgica, o material foi encaminhado para análise histopatológica, que confirmou tratar-se de um lipossarcoma; dessaforma, foi instituído protocolo quimioterápico com doxorrubicina. Decorridos 12 meses da última aplicação do quimioterápico, opaciente não apresenta sinais de recidiva da neoplasia maligna, nem tampouco metástases.

Vulvoperineal Crohn's disease responsive to metronidazole / Doenca de Crohn vulvoperineal responsiva ao metronidazol

Crohn's disease is a multisystem chronic granulomatous inflammatory disease that primarily affects the gastrointestinal tract. In the majority of the cases, the cutaneous manifestations follow the intestinal disease, but occasionally dermatological lesions are the inaugural event and may constitute the only sign of the disease. Vulvoperineal involvement is rare, may precede bowel symptoms by months to years and may go unrecognized. Due to the paucity of reports of Crohn's disease at this location and in the absence of randomized trials, there are no standard treatments for the cutaneous disease. We describe the case of a 47 year-old woman with vulvoperineal Crohn's disease without digestive involvement, that was successfully managed with metronidazole.

A doença de Crohn é uma doença granulomatosa multissistêmica inflamatória crónica que afecta primariamente o tracto gastrointestinal. Na maioria dos casos, as manifestações cutâneas sucedem a doença intestinal, mas, ocasionalmente, as lesões dermatológicas são o primeiro evento e podem constituir o único sinal da doença. O envolvimento vulvoperineal é raro, pode preceder os sintomas intestinais em meses ou anos, e pode passar despercebido. Devido à escassez de relatos de doença de Crohn com esta localização e na ausência de ensaios clínicos randomizados, não há nenhum tratamento padrão para a doença cutânea. Descrevemos um caso de uma mulher de 47 anos com doença de Crohn vulvoperineal sem envolvimento digestivo, que foi tratada com sucesso com metronidazol.

Etiological factors and treatment outcome of genital and perineal necrotizing fascitis [Fournier's gangrene]

To analyze clinical and laboratory parameters in patients with Fournier's gangrene [FG] and to assess factors that determine mortality. A retrospective review of 82 patients with FG from January 2007 to December 2011 was made. They were divided into two groups: those who survived [survivors] and those who did not [non survivors]. We analyzed clinical and laboratory data. The mortality rate remained 36.6% [30/82 patients]. Increased heart and respiratory rates, elevated serum creatinine, pre-existing kidney disease, and higher extent of affected body surface were associated with higher mortality. Severe sepsis on admission and hypotension < 90 mm Hg] were also predictive for higher mortality. The median FG severity index [FGSI] score was higher in non survivors [22 vs 12, p < 0.0001]. Besides standard clinical and laboratory parameters included in the FGSI calculation, higher extent of affected body surface area and presence of hypotension on admission were positively associated with mortality. Early clinical identification and prompt aggressive treatment are essential for reducing mortality and morbidity in patients

Intestinal obstruction due to Basidiobolus ranarum: An unusual case.

A case of intestinal obstruction caused by extensive soft tissue fungal infection of the perineum due to Basidiobolus ranarum is presented here. There was excellent response to antifungal treatment. A literature search revealed the case report of intestinal obstruction due to intrinsic mucosal involvement by the fungus, but extensive soft tissue involvement of the perineum resulting in extraneous obstruction to the rectum, has not been reported so far.

Diagnosis and treatment of Fournier's gangrene: two cases and literature review

Fournier's gangrene [FG] is a rapid progressive disease with high mortality and is caused by polymicrobial infection. FG usually begins with infection and affects fascias in [the perianal and] perineal regions as well as the abdominal wall and other organs. Although this disease has been recognized for many years, there are only a few cases reported in the world and few from China. Here, we report our success in the diagnosis and treatment of two cases of FG, one of which had severe necrotic sing fasciitis spreading to the abdominal wall, perianal, and perineal regions. We have discussed the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of FG

Tumor de Evans perineal / Evans perineal tumor

INTRODUCCION. El tumor de Evans es un sarcoma fibromixoide de bajo grado, poco común, originado en los tejidos blandos. La recurrencia local es habitual y las metástasis a distancia muy poco frecuentes. La localización perineal es extremadamente rara. La mayoría de los datos sobre ellos provienen de comunicaciones individuales y no se conoce mucho sobre su etiología, patogenia y pronóstico. Se presenta un caso de sarcoma de Evans perineal, con revisión de la literatura. LUGAR DE APLICACIÓN. Hospital Nacional Profesor Alejandro Posadas, Buenos Aires, Argentina. CASO CLINICO: Mujer de 49 años. En 1993 durante parto vaginal se palpa tumoración vulvoperineal; la paciente abandona el seguimiento. Concurre en 2008 a nuestro servicio presentando una gran tumoración perineal abscedada. Se realizan estudios imagenológicos confirmando su localización extrarectal. Se realizan biopsias no significativas. Se realiza exéresis tumoral por vía perineal con reparación esfinteriana y colostomía sigmoidea de protección. Evoluciono sin complicaciones. RESULTADOS. El protocolo de la anatomía patológica informó sarcoma fibromixoide de bajo grado (Tumor de Evans). A dos años de seguimiento sin signos de recidiva local ni metástasis a distancia. CONCLUSIONES. El tumor de Evans es una neoplasia extremadamente rara y más aun la localización perineal. El tratamiento de elección es la exéresis quirúrgica. El pronostico parecería estar determinado por la recidiva local.

BACKGROUND: Evans tumor is a rare, low-grade fibromyxoid tumor which originates in the soft tissues. Local recurrence is common and distant metastases are infrequent. Perineal localization is extremely rare. Most of the data about them are individual case reports and not much is known about their etiology, pathogenesis and prognosis. A case of a perineal Evans tumor is presented, together with a literature review. CASE REPORT: A 49 year old woman, in whom in 1993 during a vaginal delivery a vulvoperineal mass is palpated; the patient is lost in the follow-up. In 2008 she comes to our Department presenting a large perineal tumor and abscess. Imaging studies are carried out confirming its extra-rectal localization. Biopsies are taken and are indeterminate. The tumor is excised through the perineal route. The patient had no complications. RESULTS: The pathology report informs low grade fibromyxoid sarcoma (Evans tumor). She is two years in follow-up without signs of neither local recurrence nor distant metastases. CONCLUSIONS: An Evans tumor is an extremely rare neoplasm, and furthers more in a perineal localization. The treatment of choice is surgical excision. The prognosis is apparently determined by local recurrence.

Carcinoma basocelular de localización infrecuente. A propósito de un caso / Basal cell carcinoma in an infrequent site. Case report

El carcinoma basocelular es el tumor maligno más frecuente de la piel. Este tumor representa, sin lugar a duda, la patología más común en sujetos de raza blanca y comprende el 65-75 por ciento de todos los carcinomas. La mayoría son atribuibles a la exposición solar crónica, por ello el 90 por ciento de los casos se localizan en superficies fotoexpuestas, principalmente en cabeza y cuello. No obstante, se lo puede hallar prácticamente en todo el resto del tegumento. Hay casos que no se correlacionan con áreas de irradiación solar, y por ello se consideran localizaciones atípicas. Presentamos un caso de una paciente de sexo femenino, de 75 años de edad, oriunda de la Provincia de Buenos Aires, trabajadora, rural, que presenta lesión nodular con telangiectasias y erosiones localizada en región perineal (rafe medio) de dos años de evolución. Se realizan los correspondientes métodos complementarios arribando al diagnóstico de carcinoma basocelular lobulado. Se realiza tratamiento quirúrgico con excelente evolución.

Prenatally Detected Congenital Perineal Mass Using 3D Ultrasound which was Diagnosed as Lipoblastoma Combined with Anorectal Malformation: Case Report

We report a case of prenatally diagnosed congenital perineal mass which was combined with anorectal malformation. The mass was successfully treated with posterior sagittal anorectoplasty postnatally. On ultrasound examination at a gestational age of 23 weeks the fetal perineal mass were found on the right side. Any other defects were not visible on ultrasonography during whole gestation. Amniocentesis was performed to evaluate the fetal karyotyping and acetylcholinesterase which were also normal. As the fetus grew up, the mass size was slowly increased more and more. At birth, a female neonate had a perineal mass on the right side as expected. During operation, the anal sphincteric displacement was found near the mass and reconstructed through posterior sagittal incision. This is the first reported case of prenatally diagnosed congenital perineal mass, after birth which was diagnosed as lipoblastoma and even combined with anorectal malformation. This case shows that it can be of clinical importance to be aware of this rare fetal perineal mass in prenatal diagnosis and counseling.

Infecciones graves del periné: unificación de conceptos / Perineal severe infections: concepts unification

Esta monografía se refiere a diferentes procesos que se caracterizan por una inflamación progresiva de la región perineal que llega a la necrosis de la piel, el tejido celular subcutáneo y ocasionalmente el músculo, generando una severa toxicidad sistémica. Es necesario agruparlos bajo la denominación de “infecciones graves del periné” teniendo en cuenta su forma similar de presentación, el diagnóstico precoz que merecen, y el tratamiento exhaustivo del que depende su curación. Existen factores predisponentes, como la diabetes mellitus, y otros desencadenantes, como los procedimientos invasivos locorregionales, que favorecen la aparición de esta afección. Las causas más frecuentes son infecciones anorrectales, genitourinarias y lesiones traumáticas. Casi todos los casos se caracterizan por presentar flora bacteriana mixta y sinérgica. En los cultivos se identifican organismos anaerobios y aerobios facultativos. El diagnóstico se basa en los hallazgos clínicos. La utilidad de las imágenes se limita al diagnóstico precoz de lesiones que potencialmente pueden dar lugar al surgimiento de esta entidad, y a la búsqueda de colecciones que han pasado desapercibidas. La bacteriología provee las bases para ejercer un programa de tratamiento de rutina. El tratamiento debe ser instaurado inmediatamente. La buena evolución de esta grave patología se basa en las medidas urgentes y generales de reanimación, compensación y sostén, antibióticoterapia adecuada, y con una cirugía que siempre debe ser precoz y agresiva. El impacto de la terapia coadyuvante con oxígeno hiperbárico en cuanto a mejoras en los resultados permanece en controversia. Con respecto a la cirugía reparadora, debe tenerse en cuenta que el realizar un debridamiento agresivo, conlleva acarrear con malos resultados estéticos y dificultad en la cicatrización del lecho quirúrgico...

This work talks about different processes that characterize by a progressive inflammation of the perineal region which includes skin, hypodermis and occasionally the muscle necrosis, generating a severe general toxicity. It is necessary to group them under the denomination of “serious infections of perineum” considering its similar form of presentation, the precocious diagnosis needed, and the exhaustive treatment that depends its treatment. There are many helping factors, such as diabetes mellitus, and other leading ones, like regional invasive procedures, which help to promote this affection. The most frequent causes are anorectal and genitourinary infections, and traumatic injuries. Almost all cases are characterized by displaying mixed and sinergical bacterial flora. Anaerobic and facultative aerobic organisms are identified in tissue cultures. The diagnosis is based on the clinical findings. The utility of images is limited to the precocious diagnosis of injuries that can give rise to the sprouting of this illness, and the search of unnoticed collections. Bacteriology provides the bases to start a program of routine treatment. Treatment must be restored immediately. The favorable evolution of this serious pathology is based on urgent and general measures of resuscitation, suitable antibiotic therapy, and surgery, that always must be precocious and aggressive. The impact of helping hyperbaric oxygen therapy as far as improvements in results remains in controversy. As far as repairing surgery, it must be consider that making an aggressive surgery entails to carry with bad aesthetic results and difficulties in the cicatrization of the surgical wound. This fact does not have to be more important than the initial therapeutic success, which will save of the patient's life. Without a suitable handling, the perineum severe infections present a terrible prognosis, with high mortality rate and anatomic and functional sequels that causes invalidity.

Infecciones severas del periné luego de radioterapia en cáncer de recto / Severe perineal infections due to radiotherapy in rectal cancer

Introducción: Las infecciones severas del periné constituyen un conjunto de infecciones entre las que se destaca la gangrena de Fournier o sinérgica. Es una fascitis necrotizante del periné y área genital, de etiología polimicrobiana. El foco puede estar localizado en el tubo digestivo distal, el tracto genitourinario o la piel. Objetivo: Analizar los hallazgos clínicos, imagenológicos y factores de riesgo y conducta terapéutica en pacientes con infecciones del periné luego de radioterapia por cáncer de recto. Diseño: Análisis retrospectivo. Revisión de la literatura. Métodos: Revisión de bases MEDLINE, LILACS, AMA, AAC y SACP. Pacientes: 3 casos en 15 días. Resultados: Caso 1: masculino, 46 años; cáncer de recto en tratamiento adyuvante. Al finalizar radioterapia presenta celulitis perineal y absceso profundo por perforación adyacente del tumor rectal. Laparotomía, colostomía definitiva por tumor localmente avanzado y drenaje de absceso y celulitis. Egreso. Falleció por progresión de su enfermedad de base. Caso 2: masculino, 40 años. Tumor de recto irresecable por metástasis hepática en tratamiento con radioterapia paliativa por sangrado persistente, presentó gangrena de Fournier por perforación del tumor. Drenaje del foco séptico. Evoluciona con insuficiencia respiratoria progresiva, disfagia y hemorragia digestiva. Óbito. Caso 3: masculino, 33 años. Tumor de recto localizado, de diagnóstico reciente, en tratamiento neoadyuvante con radio y quimioterapia. Durante la radioterapia presentó gangrena de Fournier por perforación de recto retroperitoneal. Evolucionó con sepsis a pesar del tratamiento. Óbito. Discusión y conclusiones: El manejo se basa en el debridamiento quirúrgico, drenaje y curaciones programadas, asociados a antibióticos de amplio espectro y sostén de los parámetros vitales. El diagnóstico precoz es fundamental... (TRUNCADO)

Introduction: Perineal severe infections are unfrequent and the most common presentation is Fournier's Disease. This disease compromise genital and perineal areas with necrosis of the muscular fascia and does not involve the muscle. Primary focus can come from digestive tract, urinary tract of skin. Objective: To analyze clinical, radiological, risk factors and treatment of Founier’s Disease in patients with rectal cancer and external radiotherapy. Design: Retrospective serie. Literature review. Patients: 3 cases in last 15 days. Results: Case 1: male, 46y, rectal cancer and adyuvant radiotherapy. During treatment, rectal lateral abscess appeared as consequence of rectal perforation. Laparotomy, definitive colostomy and drainage were performed. He died because of neoplastic disease. Case 2: male, 40y. Rectal tumor with hepatic metastasis was under palliative radiotherapy due to low rectal bleeding. Fournier's Disease was diagnosed due to tumor perforation. In spite of surgical treatment, he developed pulmonary insuficiency, disfagia and digestive bleeding and died. Case 3: male, 33y. Lower rectal tumor in neoadyuvant protocol of radiotherapy. Fournier's Disease was presented during this period due to rectal perforation to retroperitoneum. He presented sepsis and died. Discussion and conclusions: Early surgical debridement, elective and periodic surgical wound care and broad spectrum antibiotics should be applied. Early diagnosis is mandatory. Mortality is nearly 20 per cent. Perforated rectal tumor associated with radiotherapy in males younger than 50y presented as Fournier's Disease is first reported.

Tuberculosis ano recto perineal / Ano perineal tuberculosis

La tuberculosis (TBC) es una enfermedad crónica transmisible, causada por el bacilo de Koch (Mycobacterium Tuberculosis). La forma extrapulmonar se presenta en el 5-15 por ciento de los casos. En la región anal en forma de ulceraciones, lesiones hipertróficas, fístulas, fisuras y abscesos perianales. Los autores relatan 4 casos de tuberculosis ano-recto-perineal. Haciendo énfasis en el diagnóstico precoz y en la capacidad del médico para comprometer al paciente para completar su tratamiento.

Tuberculosis is an infectious chronic disease, caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Extrapulmonary disease accounts for 5 to 15 per cent of all cases. The disease might be presented as ulcers, hyperthrophic lesions, fistula, fissures and perianal abscesses. The authors refer to 4 cases of perianal tuberculosis. Emphasizing in sudden diagnosis and in the ability of the physician to compromise patients in order to fulfill their treatment.

Hernia perineal posoperatoria / Postoperative perineal hernia

La hernia perineal posoperatoria es una complicación infrecuente de la resección abdominoperineal y de la exenteración pelviana. El presente artículo tuvo por objetivo presentar un caso y revisar la literatura sobre la técnica quirúrgica utilizada. El paciente fue una mujer, octogenaria, que sufrió una amputación abdominoperineal de Miles a causa de un adenocarcinoma del canal anal y fue tratada previamente con radiaciones. La ausencia de respuesta a la radioterapia hizo necesaria la cirugía. En el período posoperatorio se presentó sepsis de la herida y más tarde apareció la hernia, tratada quirúrgicamente mediante la colocación de una malla por vía abdominal. Ante la recidiva de la hernia se practicó una nueva operación, ahora por vía perineal. Se realizó el cierre del cuello herniario y se colocó una malla de polipropileno. La evolución posoperatoria fue satisfactoria y, un año después de la operación, la enferma realizaba sus actividades normales, sin molestias y sin evidencias de recidiva herniaria.

Postoperative perineal hernia is a rare complication of the abdominoperineal resection and of the pelvis exenteration. The present article was aimed at presenting a case and reviewing the literature on the surgical technique used. This octogenary female patient underwent a Miles' abdominoperineal amputation due to an adenocarcinoma of the anal canal, and she was previously treated with radiation. The lack of response to radiotherapy made surgery necessary. In the postoperative, she presented sepsis of the wound and the hernia that appeared later was surgically treated by placing a mesh by abdominal route. As the hernia relapsed, a new operation was performed by perineal route. The hernial neck was closured and a prolene mesh was placed. The postoperative evolution was satisfactory and a year after surgery, the patient was able to carry out her normal activities, without troubles and without evidences of hernial relapse.